Correction & Retraction Policy

URSDJ is committed to maintaining an ethical publishing environment for research on social and spatial transformations.

• Correction Procedure: Errors identified post-publication are reviewed. Significant issues result in a formal notice linked to the original work for traceability.

• Retractions: Withdrawn if research is found to be unethical or unreliable. A public notice is published stating the reason and responsibility for the retraction.

• Governance: Follows COPE guidelines and HEC Pakistan standards.